diff --git a/common/dialer/default.go b/common/dialer/default.go
index e53de09a..ebe03fa2 100644
--- a/common/dialer/default.go
+++ b/common/dialer/default.go
@@ -110,7 +110,13 @@ func NewDefault(router adapter.Router, options option.DialerOptions) *DefaultDia
 	if options.TCPFastOpen {
 		warnTFOOnUnsupportedPlatform.Check()
 	}
-	if !options.UDPFragment {
+	var udpFragment bool
+	if options.UDPFragment != nil {
+		udpFragment = *options.UDPFragment
+	} else {
+		udpFragment = options.UDPFragmentDefault
+	}
+	if !udpFragment {
 		dialer.Control = control.Append(dialer.Control, control.DisableUDPFragment())
 		listener.Control = control.Append(listener.Control, control.DisableUDPFragment())
 	}
diff --git a/common/tls/ech_client.go b/common/tls/ech_client.go
index c6238f91..c128ed69 100644
--- a/common/tls/ech_client.go
+++ b/common/tls/ech_client.go
@@ -165,8 +165,6 @@ func newECHClient(router adapter.Router, serverAddress string, options option.Ou
 	return &echClientConfig{&tlsConfig}, nil
 }
 
-const typeHTTPS = 65
-
 func fetchECHClientConfig(router adapter.Router) func(ctx context.Context, serverName string) ([]cftls.ECHConfig, error) {
 	return func(ctx context.Context, serverName string) ([]cftls.ECHConfig, error) {
 		message := &mDNS.Msg{
diff --git a/option/outbound.go b/option/outbound.go
index a1926ebf..ca4d938c 100644
--- a/option/outbound.go
+++ b/option/outbound.go
@@ -120,17 +120,18 @@ func (h *Outbound) UnmarshalJSON(bytes []byte) error {
 }
 
 type DialerOptions struct {
-	Detour         string         `json:"detour,omitempty"`
-	BindInterface  string         `json:"bind_interface,omitempty"`
-	BindAddress    *ListenAddress `json:"bind_address,omitempty"`
-	ProtectPath    string         `json:"protect_path,omitempty"`
-	RoutingMark    int            `json:"routing_mark,omitempty"`
-	ReuseAddr      bool           `json:"reuse_addr,omitempty"`
-	ConnectTimeout Duration       `json:"connect_timeout,omitempty"`
-	TCPFastOpen    bool           `json:"tcp_fast_open,omitempty"`
-	UDPFragment    bool           `json:"udp_fragment,omitempty"`
-	DomainStrategy DomainStrategy `json:"domain_strategy,omitempty"`
-	FallbackDelay  Duration       `json:"fallback_delay,omitempty"`
+	Detour             string         `json:"detour,omitempty"`
+	BindInterface      string         `json:"bind_interface,omitempty"`
+	BindAddress        *ListenAddress `json:"bind_address,omitempty"`
+	ProtectPath        string         `json:"protect_path,omitempty"`
+	RoutingMark        int            `json:"routing_mark,omitempty"`
+	ReuseAddr          bool           `json:"reuse_addr,omitempty"`
+	ConnectTimeout     Duration       `json:"connect_timeout,omitempty"`
+	TCPFastOpen        bool           `json:"tcp_fast_open,omitempty"`
+	UDPFragment        *bool          `json:"udp_fragment,omitempty"`
+	UDPFragmentDefault bool           `json:"-"`
+	DomainStrategy     DomainStrategy `json:"domain_strategy,omitempty"`
+	FallbackDelay      Duration       `json:"fallback_delay,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type ServerOptions struct {
diff --git a/outbound/direct.go b/outbound/direct.go
index 567c963a..71989d6f 100644
--- a/outbound/direct.go
+++ b/outbound/direct.go
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ type Direct struct {
 }
 
 func NewDirect(router adapter.Router, logger log.ContextLogger, tag string, options option.DirectOutboundOptions) (*Direct, error) {
+	options.UDPFragmentDefault = true
 	outbound := &Direct{
 		myOutboundAdapter: myOutboundAdapter{
 			protocol: C.TypeDirect,