diff --git a/src/api/audio.c b/src/api/audio.c
index 5ccf70d6..bd9985e9 100644
--- a/src/api/audio.c
+++ b/src/api/audio.c
@@ -223,9 +223,10 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrAudio[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_audio(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrAudio);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrAudioDestroy);
   luax_registertype(L, "Microphone", lovrMicrophone);
   luax_registertype(L, "Source", lovrSource);
-  lovrAudioInit();
+  if (lovrAudioInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrAudioDestroy);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/api/event.c b/src/api/event.c
index ec8b2a33..6e07f334 100644
--- a/src/api/event.c
+++ b/src/api/event.c
@@ -178,12 +178,14 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrEvent[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_event(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrEvent);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrEventDestroy);
 
   // Store nextEvent in the registry to avoid creating a closure every time we poll for events.
   lua_pushcfunction(L, nextEvent);
   pollRef = luaL_ref(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
 
-  lovrEventInit();
+  if (lovrEventInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrEventDestroy);
+  }
+
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/api/filesystem.c b/src/api/filesystem.c
index 4007b57d..06f6ec47 100644
--- a/src/api/filesystem.c
+++ b/src/api/filesystem.c
@@ -360,10 +360,6 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrFilesystem[] = {
 };
 
 int luaopen_lovr_filesystem(lua_State* L) {
-  lua_newtable(L);
-  luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrFilesystem);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrFilesystemDestroy);
-
   lua_getglobal(L, "arg");
   if (lua_istable(L, -1)) {
     lua_getfield(L, -1, "exe");
@@ -372,13 +368,19 @@ int luaopen_lovr_filesystem(lua_State* L) {
     const char* argGame = lua_tostring(L, -1);
     lua_getfield(L, -3, "root");
     const char* argRoot = luaL_optstring(L, -1, NULL);
-    lovrFilesystemInit(argExe, argGame, argRoot);
+    if (lovrFilesystemInit(argExe, argGame, argRoot)) {
+      luax_atexit(L, lovrFilesystemDestroy);
+    }
     lua_pop(L, 4);
   } else {
     lua_pop(L, 1);
-    lovrFilesystemInit(NULL, NULL, NULL);
+    if (lovrFilesystemInit(NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
+      luax_atexit(L, lovrFilesystemDestroy);
+    }
   }
 
+  lua_newtable(L);
+  luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrFilesystem);
   luax_registerloader(L, moduleLoader, 2);
   luax_registerloader(L, libraryLoader, 3);
   return 1;
diff --git a/src/api/graphics.c b/src/api/graphics.c
index f706147e..38c57fef 100644
--- a/src/api/graphics.c
+++ b/src/api/graphics.c
@@ -299,6 +299,7 @@ static int l_lovrGraphicsSetWindow(lua_State* L) {
   lua_pop(L, 1);
 
   lovrGraphicsSetWindow(&flags);
+  luax_atexit(L, lovrGraphicsDestroy); // The lua_State that creates the window shall be the one to destroy it
   lovrRelease(textureData);
   return 0;
 }
@@ -1390,7 +1391,6 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrGraphics[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_graphics(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrGraphics);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrGraphicsDestroy);
   luax_registertype(L, "Animator", lovrAnimator);
   luax_registertype(L, "Font", lovrFont);
   luax_registertype(L, "Material", lovrMaterial);
diff --git a/src/api/headset.c b/src/api/headset.c
index a9f093fd..4cc3dd62 100644
--- a/src/api/headset.c
+++ b/src/api/headset.c
@@ -349,7 +349,6 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrHeadset[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_headset(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrHeadset);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrHeadsetDestroy);
   luax_registertype(L, "Controller", lovrController);
 
   luax_pushconf(L);
@@ -391,7 +390,10 @@ int luaopen_lovr_headset(lua_State* L) {
     lua_pop(L, 1);
   }
 
-  lovrHeadsetInit(drivers.data, drivers.length, offset, msaa);
+  if (lovrHeadsetInit(drivers.data, drivers.length, offset, msaa)) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrHeadsetDestroy);
+  }
+
   lovrHeadsetDriver->setMirrored(mirror, mirrorEye);
 
   vec_deinit(&drivers);
diff --git a/src/api/math.c b/src/api/math.c
index 5b2e3962..45d6ff0e 100644
--- a/src/api/math.c
+++ b/src/api/math.c
@@ -181,10 +181,11 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrMath[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_math(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrMath);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrMathDestroy);
   luax_registertype(L, "Curve", lovrCurve);
   luax_registertype(L, "RandomGenerator", lovrRandomGenerator);
   luax_registertype(L, "Transform", lovrTransform);
-  lovrMathInit();
+  if (lovrMathInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrMathDestroy);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/api/physics.c b/src/api/physics.c
index 72875605..625a51b2 100644
--- a/src/api/physics.c
+++ b/src/api/physics.c
@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrPhysics[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_physics(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrPhysics);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrPhysicsDestroy);
   luax_registertype(L, "World", lovrWorld);
   luax_registertype(L, "Collider", lovrCollider);
   luax_extendtype(L, "Joint", "BallJoint", lovrJoint, lovrBallJoint);
@@ -161,6 +160,8 @@ int luaopen_lovr_physics(lua_State* L) {
   luax_extendtype(L, "Shape", "BoxShape", lovrShape, lovrBoxShape);
   luax_extendtype(L, "Shape", "CapsuleShape", lovrShape, lovrCapsuleShape);
   luax_extendtype(L, "Shape", "CylinderShape", lovrShape, lovrCylinderShape);
-  lovrPhysicsInit();
+  if (lovrPhysicsInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrPhysicsDestroy);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/api/thread.c b/src/api/thread.c
index 996f0eb2..b10be842 100644
--- a/src/api/thread.c
+++ b/src/api/thread.c
@@ -66,10 +66,11 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrThreadModule[] = {
 
 int luaopen_lovr_thread(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrThreadDeinit);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrThreadModule);
   luax_registertype(L, "Thread", lovrThread);
   luax_registertype(L, "Channel", lovrChannel);
-  lovrThreadInit();
+  if (lovrThreadInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrThreadDeinit);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/api/timer.c b/src/api/timer.c
index 18168c63..68e6ac37 100644
--- a/src/api/timer.c
+++ b/src/api/timer.c
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ static const luaL_Reg lovrTimer[] = {
 int luaopen_lovr_timer(lua_State* L) {
   lua_newtable(L);
   luaL_register(L, NULL, lovrTimer);
-  luax_atexit(L, lovrTimerDestroy);
-  lovrTimerInit();
+  if (lovrTimerInit()) {
+    luax_atexit(L, lovrTimerDestroy);
+  }
   return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/audio/audio.c b/src/audio/audio.c
index a52b589a..8f2120c0 100644
--- a/src/audio/audio.c
+++ b/src/audio/audio.c
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ALenum lovrAudioConvertFormat(int bitDepth, int channelCount) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-void lovrAudioInit() {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrAudioInit() {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
 
   ALCdevice* device = alcOpenDevice(NULL);
   lovrAssert(device, "Unable to open default audio device");
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ void lovrAudioInit() {
   quat_set(state.orientation, 0, 0, 0, -1);
   vec3_set(state.position, 0, 0, 0);
   vec3_set(state.velocity, 0, 0, 0);
-  state.initialized = true;
+  return state.initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrAudioDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/audio/audio.h b/src/audio/audio.h
index e9c7181f..4b4d0dd0 100644
--- a/src/audio/audio.h
+++ b/src/audio/audio.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ typedef struct {
 
 ALenum lovrAudioConvertFormat(int bitDepth, int channelCount);
 
-void lovrAudioInit();
+bool lovrAudioInit();
 void lovrAudioDestroy();
 void lovrAudioUpdate();
 void lovrAudioAdd(Source* source);
diff --git a/src/event/event.c b/src/event/event.c
index 6707acc9..a41478d9 100644
--- a/src/event/event.c
+++ b/src/event/event.c
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
 
 static EventState state;
 
-void lovrEventInit() {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrEventInit() {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
   vec_init(&state.pumps);
   vec_init(&state.events);
   lovrEventAddPump(lovrPlatformPollEvents);
   atexit(lovrEventDestroy);
-  state.initialized = true;
+  return state.initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrEventDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/event/event.h b/src/event/event.h
index a79e41d9..cd125056 100644
--- a/src/event/event.h
+++ b/src/event/event.h
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ typedef struct {
   vec_event_t events;
 } EventState;
 
-void lovrEventInit();
+bool lovrEventInit();
 void lovrEventDestroy();
 void lovrEventAddPump(EventPump pump);
 void lovrEventRemovePump(EventPump pump);
diff --git a/src/filesystem/filesystem.c b/src/filesystem/filesystem.c
index 0edf2784..90ae14d4 100644
--- a/src/filesystem/filesystem.c
+++ b/src/filesystem/filesystem.c
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ const char lovrDirSep = '/';
 
 static FilesystemState state;
 
-void lovrFilesystemInit(const char* argExe, const char* argGame, const char* argRoot) {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrFilesystemInit(const char* argExe, const char* argGame, const char* argRoot) {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
   state.initialized = true;
 
   if (!PHYSFS_init(argExe)) {
@@ -55,13 +55,15 @@ void lovrFilesystemInit(const char* argExe, const char* argGame, const char* arg
     if (argGame) {
       strncpy(state.source, argGame, LOVR_PATH_MAX);
       if (!lovrFilesystemMount(state.source, NULL, 1, argRoot)) { // Attempt to load from arg. If success, init is done
-        return;
+        return true;
       }
     }
 
     free(state.source); // Couldn't load from argProject, so apparently it isn't the source
     state.source = NULL;
   }
+
+  return true;
 }
 
 void lovrFilesystemDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/filesystem/filesystem.h b/src/filesystem/filesystem.h
index 6858f48c..edb1a6a4 100644
--- a/src/filesystem/filesystem.h
+++ b/src/filesystem/filesystem.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ typedef struct {
   vec_str_t requirePattern[2];
 } FilesystemState;
 
-void lovrFilesystemInit(const char* argExe, const char* argGame, const char* argRoot);
+bool lovrFilesystemInit(const char* argExe, const char* argGame, const char* argRoot);
 void lovrFilesystemDestroy();
 int lovrFilesystemCreateDirectory(const char* path);
 int lovrFilesystemGetAppdataDirectory(char* dest, unsigned int size);
diff --git a/src/graphics/graphics.c b/src/graphics/graphics.c
index 47340132..4f5ece1e 100644
--- a/src/graphics/graphics.c
+++ b/src/graphics/graphics.c
@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@ static void onResizeWindow(int width, int height) {
 
 // Base
 
-void lovrGraphicsInit(bool gammaCorrect) {
+bool lovrGraphicsInit(bool gammaCorrect) {
   state.gammaCorrect = gammaCorrect;
+  return false;
 }
 
 void lovrGraphicsDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/graphics/graphics.h b/src/graphics/graphics.h
index 8fe7083f..ed4898ce 100644
--- a/src/graphics/graphics.h
+++ b/src/graphics/graphics.h
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } GraphicsState;
 
 // Base
-void lovrGraphicsInit(bool gammaCorrect);
+bool lovrGraphicsInit(bool gammaCorrect);
 void lovrGraphicsDestroy();
 void lovrGraphicsPresent();
 void lovrGraphicsSetWindow(WindowFlags* flags);
diff --git a/src/headset/headset.c b/src/headset/headset.c
index b91efe27..20b13985 100644
--- a/src/headset/headset.c
+++ b/src/headset/headset.c
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 HeadsetInterface* lovrHeadsetDriver = NULL;
 static bool initialized = false;
 
-void lovrHeadsetInit(HeadsetDriver* drivers, int count, float offset, int msaa) {
-  if (initialized) return;
+bool lovrHeadsetInit(HeadsetDriver* drivers, int count, float offset, int msaa) {
+  if (initialized) return false;
   initialized = true;
 
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ void lovrHeadsetInit(HeadsetDriver* drivers, int count, float offset, int msaa)
   }
 
   lovrAssert(lovrHeadsetDriver, "No headset driver available, check t.headset.drivers in conf.lua");
+  return true;
 }
 
 void lovrHeadsetDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/headset/headset.h b/src/headset/headset.h
index fe507ec1..7dde50aa 100644
--- a/src/headset/headset.h
+++ b/src/headset/headset.h
@@ -110,5 +110,5 @@ extern HeadsetInterface lovrHeadsetOculusMobileDriver;
 // Active driver
 extern HeadsetInterface* lovrHeadsetDriver;
 
-void lovrHeadsetInit(HeadsetDriver* drivers, int count, float offset, int msaa);
+bool lovrHeadsetInit(HeadsetDriver* drivers, int count, float offset, int msaa);
 void lovrHeadsetDestroy();
diff --git a/src/math/math.c b/src/math/math.c
index 7a761621..2256ecce 100644
--- a/src/math/math.c
+++ b/src/math/math.c
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 
 static MathState state;
 
-void lovrMathInit() {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrMathInit() {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
   state.generator = lovrRandomGeneratorCreate();
   Seed seed = { .b64 = (uint64_t) time(0) };
 	lovrRandomGeneratorSetSeed(state.generator, seed);
-  state.initialized = true;
+  return state.initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrMathDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/math/math.h b/src/math/math.h
index fa8f1344..0e51fc1f 100644
--- a/src/math/math.h
+++ b/src/math/math.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ typedef struct {
   RandomGenerator* generator;
 } MathState;
 
-void lovrMathInit();
+bool lovrMathInit();
 void lovrMathDestroy();
 RandomGenerator* lovrMathGetRandomGenerator();
 void lovrMathOrientationToDirection(float angle, float ax, float ay, float az, vec3 v);
diff --git a/src/physics/physics.c b/src/physics/physics.c
index df1dd45f..666ab2d2 100644
--- a/src/physics/physics.c
+++ b/src/physics/physics.c
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ static void raycastCallback(void* data, dGeomID a, dGeomID b) {
 
 static bool initialized = false;
 
-void lovrPhysicsInit() {
-  if (initialized) return;
+bool lovrPhysicsInit() {
+  if (initialized) return false;
   dInitODE();
-  initialized = true;
+  return initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrPhysicsDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/physics/physics.h b/src/physics/physics.h
index 233d7c21..6f456f1c 100644
--- a/src/physics/physics.h
+++ b/src/physics/physics.h
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ typedef struct {
   void* userdata;
 } RaycastData;
 
-void lovrPhysicsInit();
+bool lovrPhysicsInit();
 void lovrPhysicsDestroy();
 
 World* lovrWorldCreate(float xg, float yg, float zg, bool allowSleep, const char** tags, int tagCount);
diff --git a/src/thread/thread.c b/src/thread/thread.c
index 5489cc79..f739c3ae 100644
--- a/src/thread/thread.c
+++ b/src/thread/thread.c
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 
 static ThreadState state;
 
-void lovrThreadInit() {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrThreadInit() {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
   map_init(&state.channels);
-  state.initialized = true;
+  return state.initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrThreadDeinit() {
diff --git a/src/thread/thread.h b/src/thread/thread.h
index 8c6595a7..694e7472 100644
--- a/src/thread/thread.h
+++ b/src/thread/thread.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ typedef struct {
   bool running;
 } Thread;
 
-void lovrThreadInit();
+bool lovrThreadInit();
 void lovrThreadDeinit();
 struct Channel* lovrThreadGetChannel(const char* name);
 
diff --git a/src/timer/timer.c b/src/timer/timer.c
index 483e7f8d..a2030904 100644
--- a/src/timer/timer.c
+++ b/src/timer/timer.c
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 
 static TimerState state;
 
-void lovrTimerInit() {
-  if (state.initialized) return;
+bool lovrTimerInit() {
+  if (state.initialized) return false;
   lovrTimerDestroy();
-  state.initialized = true;
+  return state.initialized = true;
 }
 
 void lovrTimerDestroy() {
diff --git a/src/timer/timer.h b/src/timer/timer.h
index ca3baeb7..dc8285d6 100644
--- a/src/timer/timer.h
+++ b/src/timer/timer.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ typedef struct {
   int fps;
 } TimerState;
 
-void lovrTimerInit();
+bool lovrTimerInit();
 void lovrTimerDestroy();
 double lovrTimerGetDelta();
 double lovrTimerGetTime();