diff --git a/sway/main.c b/sway/main.c
index f9fb0480..ba6a3d7c 100644
--- a/sway/main.c
+++ b/sway/main.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <pango/pangocairo.h>
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -292,6 +293,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 	}
 
+	// Fail if only one of --socket and --wayland-fd are given.
+	if ((socket_name == NULL) ^ (socket_fd == -1)) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+				"Both --socket and --wayland-fd are required for Wayland "
+				"socket handover, but only one was provided. Aborting.\n");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
 	// As the 'callback' function for wlr_log is equivalent to that for
 	// sway, we do not need to override it.
 	if (debug) {