Currently there is a single allocator function used in arr_t. Its
behavior depends on the values for the pointer and size arguments:
- If pointer is NULL, it should allocate new memory.
- If pointer is non-NULL and size is positive, it should resize memory.
- If size is zero, it should free memory.
All instances of arr_t use realloc for this right now. The problem
is that realloc's behavior is undefined when the size argument is zero.
On Windows and Linux, realloc will free the pointer, but on macOS this
isn't the case. This means that arr_t leaks memory on macOS.
It's best to not rely on undefined behavior like this, so let's instead
use a helper function that behaves the way we want.
- Ref struct only stores refcount now and is more general.
- Proxy stores a hash of its type name instead of an enum.
- Variants store additional information instead of using a vtable.
- Remove the concept of superclasses from the API.
- Clean up some miscellaneous includes.