| scripts | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| .travis.yml | ||
| CHANGELOG | ||
| LICENSE | ||
| Makefile | ||
| nlay | ||
| nlay.1 | ||
| nnn.1 | ||
| nnn.c | ||
| nnn.h | ||
| packagecore.yaml | ||
| README.md | ||
nnn
Noice is Not Noice, a noicer fork...
nnn in action! (click to play video)
nnn is probably the fastest and most resource-sensitive file manager you have ever used. It integrates seamlessly with your DE and favourite GUI utilities, has a unique navigate-as-you-type mode with auto-select, disk usage analyzer mode, bookmarks, familiar navigation shortcuts, subshell spawning and much more.
Integrate utilities like sxiv or fzy easily; nnn supports as many scripts as you need!
Quickstart and see how nnn simplifies those long desktop sessions...
Have fun with it! Missing a feature? Want to contribute? Head to the rolling ToDo list.
Love smart and efficient utilities? Explore my repositories. Buy me a cup of coffee if they help you.
Table of Contents
- Features
- Performance
- Installation
- Shell completion
- Usage
- Quickstart
- How to
- Why fork?
- Mentions
- Developers
Features
- Modes - basic, detail (default), disk usage analyzer (du)
- Navigation
- Familiar, easy shortcuts (arrows,
~,-,&) - Navigate-as-you-type mode with dir auto-select for the maverick
- Handy bookmarks, start at bookmark, pin and visit directory
- chdir prompt with tab completion (interprets cd ..... too!)
- Roll-over at edges, page through entries
- Show directories in custom color (default: enabled in blue)
- Familiar, easy shortcuts (arrows,
- Sorting
- Directories always listed on top
- Sort by file name, modification time, size
- Numeric order (1, 2, ... 10, 11, ...) for numeric names
- Search
- Superfast directory content filtering with search-as-you-type
- Desktop search (gnome-search-tool, catfish) integration
- Mimes
- Open with desktop opener (default) or specify a custom app
- Create, list and extract archives (needs atool/patool)
- Optionally open text files in EDITOR (fallback vi)
- Customizable script to handle actions (sparsely used)
- Information
- Detailed stat-like file information
- Media information (needs mediainfo or exiftool, if specified)
- Convenience
- Create, rename files and directories
- Batch rename/move/delete current directory entries in vidir (from moreutils)
- Spawn SHELL (fallback sh) in the current directory
- Run custom scripts in the current directory
- Copy absolute file paths with/without X (easy shell integration)
- Change directory at exit (easy shell integration)
- Open any file in EDITOR (fallback vi) or PAGER (fallback less)
- Open current directory in a custom GUI file manager
- Terminal screensaver/locker integration
- Unicode support
- Highly optimized code, minimal resource usage
Performance
nnn vs. ncdu memory usage in disk usage analyzer mode (400K files on disk):
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 5034 vaio 20 0 71628 59932 2412 S 0.0 0.7 0:01.22 ncdu / 4949 vaio 20 0 14812 3616 2560 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.83 nnn -S /
nnn vs. midnight commander vs. ranger memory usage while viewing a directory with 13.5K files, sorted by size:
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 31885 vaio 20 0 139720 91220 8460 S 0.0 1.1 0:02.96 /usr/bin/python -O /usr/bin/ranger 30108 vaio 20 0 72152 12468 7336 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.06 mc 30168 vaio 20 0 16476 5072 2640 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.22 nnn -c 1 -i
Intrigued? Find out HOW.
Installation
Dependencies
nnn needs libncursesw (on Linux or ncurses on OS X) and standard libc.
From a package manager
- AUR (
yaourt -S nnn) - Debian (
apt-get install nnn) - Fedora (
dnf install nnn) - FreeBSD (
pkg install nnn) - Gentoo (
emerge nnn) - Homebrew (
brew install nnn) - NixOS (
nix-env -i nnn) - OpenBSD (
pkg_add nnn) - openSUSE (and packages for several other distros) (
zypper in nnn) - Raspbian Testing (
apt-get install nnn) - Slackware (
slackpkg install nnn) - Source Mage (
cast nnn) - Ubuntu (
apt-get install nnn) - Ubuntu PPA (
apt-get install nnn) - Void Linux (
xbps-install -S nnn)
Release packages
Packages for Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora and Ubuntu are available with the latest stable release.
From source
To cook yourself, download the latest stable release or clone this repository (risky). Then install the dependencies and compile (e.g. on Ubuntu 16.04):
$ sudo apt-get install pkg-config libncursesw5-dev
$ make
$ sudo make install
PREFIX is supported, in case you want to install to a different location.
Shell completion
Search keyword and option completion scripts for Bash, Fish and Zsh can be found in respective subdirectories of scripts/auto-completion/. Please refer to your shell's manual for installation instructions.
Usage
Cmdline options
usage: nnn [-b key] [-c N] [-e] [-i] [-l]
[-p nlay] [-S] [-v] [-h] [PATH]
The missing terminal file manager for X.
positional args:
PATH start dir [default: current dir]
optional args:
-b key bookmark key to open
-c N dir color, disables if N>7
-e use exiftool instead of mediainfo
-i start in navigate-as-you-type mode
-l start in light mode
-p nlay path to custom nlay
-S start in disk usage analyser mode
-v show program version
-h show this help
> indicates the currently selected entry in nnn.
Keyboard shortcuts
Key Function
----
↑, k, ^P Up
↓, j, ^N Down
PgUp, ^U Scroll up
PgDn, ^D Scroll down
Home, g, ^, ^A First entry
End, G, $, ^E Last entry
→, ↵, l, ^M Open file/enter dir
←, Bksp, h, ^H Parent dir
^O Open with...
Insert, ^I Toggle nav-as-you-type
~ Go HOME
& Start dir
- Last visited dir
/ Filter entries
. Toggle show hidden
^B Bookmark prompt
b Pin current dir
^V Go to pinned dir
c cd prompt
d Toggle detail view
D File details
m, M Brief/full media info
n Create new
^R Rename entry
r Open dir in vidir
s Toggle sort by size
S Toggle apparent size
^J Toggle du mode
t Toggle sort by mtime
!, ^] Spawn SHELL in dir
R Run custom script
e Edit in EDITOR
p Open in PAGER
f Archive entry
F List archive
^F Extract archive
Space, ^K Copy file path
^Y Toggle multi-copy
y Show copy buffer
^T Toggle path quote
^L Redraw, clear prompt
Esc Exit prompt
L Lock terminal
o Open DE filemanager
^/ Open DE search app
? Help, settings
Q, ^G Quit and cd
q, ^X Quit
Help & settings, file details, media info and archive listing are shown in the PAGER. Please use the PAGER-specific keys in these screens.
Filters
Filters support regexes to instantly (search-as-you-type) list the matching entries in the current directory.
Ways to exit filter prompt:
- press ^L to clear filter followed by Bksp (to clear the filter symbol, like vi)
- at other prompts ^L followed by Enter discards all changes and exits prompt
- run a search with no matches and press Enter
Common use cases:
- to list all matches starting with the filter expression, start the expression with a
^(caret) symbol - type
\.mkvto list all MKV files - use
.*to match any character (sort of fuzzy search)
If nnn is invoked as root or the environment variable NNN_SHOW_HIDDEN is set the default filter will also match hidden files.
Navigate-as-you-type mode
In this mode directories are opened in filter mode, allowing continuous navigation. Works best with the arrow keys.
In case of only one match and it's a directory, nnn auto selects the directory and enters it in this mode. To disable this behaviour,
export NNN_NO_AUTOSELECT=1
File indicators
The following indicators are used in the detail view:
| Indicator | File Type |
|---|---|
/ |
Directory |
* |
Executable |
| |
Fifo |
= |
Socket |
@ |
Symbolic Link |
@/ |
Symbolic Link to directory |
b |
Block Device |
c |
Character Device |
File handling
| External dependency | Operation |
|---|---|
| xdg-open (Linux), open(1) (OS X), cygstart (Cygwin) | desktop opener |
| mediainfo, exiftool | multimedia file details |
| gnome-search-tool, catfish | desktop search utility |
| atool, patool (integration) | create, list and extract archives |
| vidir from moreutils | batch rename, move, delete dir entries |
| vlock (Linux), bashlock (OS X), lock(1) (BSD) | terminal locker |
| $EDITOR (overridden by $VISUAL, if defined) | edit files (fallback vi) |
| $PAGER | page through files (fallback less) |
| $SHELL | spawn a shell, run script (fallback sh) |
-
To edit all text files in EDITOR (preferably CLI, fallback vi):
export NNN_USE_EDITOR=1 -
To enable the desktop file manager key, set
NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER. E.g.:export NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER=thunar export NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER=nautilus
Customizable script nlay is used to run desktop search utility and terminal locker.
Help
$ nnn -h
$ man nnn
To lookup keyboard shortcuts at runtime, press ?.
Quickstart
-
Install the utilities required for your regular activities.
-
Configure file path copy using X clipboard or without X.
-
Configure cd on quit.
-
Optionally open all text files in EDITOR (fallback vi):
export NNN_USE_EDITOR=1 -
Run
n. -
Press ? for help on keyboard shortcuts anytime.
-
For additional functionality setup custom scripts.
How to
add bookmarks
Set environment variable NNN_BMS as a string of key:location pairs (max 10) separated by semicolons (;):
export NNN_BMS='doc:~/Documents;u:/home/user/Cam Uploads;D:~/Downloads/'
The bookmark prompt also understands the ~ (HOME), - (last visited directory) and & (start directory) shortcuts.
copy file paths
File paths can be copied to the clipboard or to a specific temporary file (if X is unavailable, for example). When in multi-copy mode, currently copied file paths can be listed by pressing y.
to clipboard
nnn can pipe the absolute path of the current file or multiple files to a copier script. For example, you can use xsel on Linux or pbcopy on OS X.
Sample Linux copier script:
#!/bin/sh
# comment the next line to convert newlines to spaces
IFS=
echo -n $1 | xsel --clipboard --input
export NNN_COPIER:
export NNN_COPIER="/path/to/copier.sh"
Use ^K to copy the absolute path (from /) of the file under the cursor to clipboard.
To copy multiple file paths, switch to the multi-copy mode using ^Y. In this mode you can
- select multiple files one by one by pressing ^K on each entry; or,
- navigate to another file in the same directory to select a range of files.
Pressing ^Y again copies the paths to clipboard and exits the multi-copy mode.
To wrap each file path within single quotes, export NNN_QUOTE_ON:
export NNN_QUOTE_ON=1
This is particularly useful if you are planning to copy the whole string to the shell to run a command. Quotes can be toggled at runtime using ^T.
Note that the filename is not escaped. So copying may still fail for filenames having quote(s) in them.
when X is missing
A very common scenario on headless remote servers connected via SSH. As the clipboard is missing, nnn copies the path names to the tmp file DIR/.nnncp, where DIR (by priority) is:
$HOME or,
$TMPDIR or,
/tmp
nnn needs to know X is unavailable:
export NNN_NO_X=1
To see the path to the copy file, run nnn, press ? and look up NNN_NO_X.
Note: despite the name of the environment variable, this method works even if X is available.
Use ^Y and/or ^K to copy file paths as usual. To use the copied paths from the cmdline, use command substitution. For example, if DIR above is /home/user:
# bash/zsh
ls -ltr `cat /home/user/.nnncp`
ls -ltr $(cat /home/user/.nnncp)
# fish
ls -ltr (cat /home/user/.nnncp)
An alias may be handy:
alias ncp='cat /home/user/.nnncp'
so you can easily copy, move or delete multiple files together:
# bash/zsh
ls -ltr `ncp`
ls -ltr $(ncp)
cp -rvf `ncp` .
mv `ncp` .
rm `ncp` -rf
# fish
ls -ltr (ncp)
cp -rvf (ncp) .
mv (ncp) .
rm (ncp) -rf
Note that you may want to keep quotes disabled in this case.
copy, move, delete files
The nnn workflow to copy, move or delete files is:
- Copy the absolute paths using ^Y and/or ^K
- To copy or move files navigate to the destination directory. You can also fire a new instance of
nnnin another tab of your terminal emulator and open the destination directory. - Spawn a subshell in the destination directory (!)
- While typing the desired command, copy the file paths (usually ^-Shift-V) from the clipboard. If X is unavailable, refer to this section.
In addition, nnn integrates with vidir. vidir supports batch file move and delete.
cd on quit
To quit nnn and switch to the directory last opened follow the instructions below.
Pick the appropriate file for your shell from scripts/quitcd and add the contents to your shell's rc file. You'll need to spawn a new shell for the change to take effect. You should start nnn as n (or modify the function name to something else). To change directory on quit press Q (it's capital) or ^G while exiting.
As you might notice, nnn uses the environment variable NNN_TMPFILE to write the last visited directory path. You can change it.
run custom scripts
nnn can invoke custom scripts with the currently selected file name as argument 1.
Export the path to the custom executable script:
export NNN_SCRIPT=/usr/local/bin/nscript
Press R to run the script in the current directory.
It's possible to run multiple scripts with nnn as long as the scripts are in the same location and share the same prefix. To enable multiple scripts,
export NNN_MULTISCRIPT=1
With the example of NNN_SCRIPT above, some more scripts could be:
/usr/local/bin/nscript1
/usr/local/bin/nscript2
/usr/local/bin/nscriptcustom1
/usr/local/bin/nscriptcustom2
and so on...
Type the correct suffix when prompted on pressing the keybind R. To use the base script (NNN_SCRIPT), just press Enter.
sample scripts
-
Open image files in current dir in sxiv:
#!/usr/bin/env sh sxiv -q * >/dev/null 2>&1 -
Fuzzy find files in fzy and open with xdg-open:
#!/usr/bin/env sh xdg-open $(find -type f | fzy) >/dev/null 2>&1
dual-pane or multi-pane
nnn doesn't have a native dual-pane or multi-pane mode. Use it with tmux, GNU Screen, Terminator or Tilix.
change dir color
The default color for directories is blue. Option -c accepts color codes from 0 to 7 to use a different color:
0-black, 1-red, 2-green, 3-yellow, 4-blue, 5-magenta, 6-cyan, 7-white
Any other value disables colored directories.
use cd .....
To jump to the nth level parent, use n + 1 dots (the first . denotes PWD). For example, to jump to the 6 parent of the current directory, use 7 dots. If the number of dots would take you beyond / (which isn't possible), you'll be placed at /.
integrate patool
On systems where atool is not available but patool is, drop two copies of the Python3 script natool as atool and apack somewhere in $PATH.
work faster at rename prompt
The rename prompt supports some bash-like command-line shortcuts - ^A, ^E, ^U. ^L clears the name.
set idle timeout
The terminal screensaver is disabled by default. To set the wait time in seconds, use environment variable NNN_IDLE_TIMEOUT.
show hot plugged drives
Enable volume management in your DE file manager and set removable drives or media to be auto-mounted when inserted. Then visit the usual mount point location (/mnt or /media/user) in nnn.
tmux config
nnn might not handle keypresses correctly when used with tmux (see issue #104 for more details). Set TERM=xterm-256color to address it.
Why fork?
nnn was initially forked from noice but is significantly different today. I chose to fork because:
- one can argue my approach deviates from the goal of the original project - keep the utility
suckless. In my opinion evolution is the taste of time. - I would like to have a bit of control on what features are added in the name of desktop integration. A feature-bloat is the last thing in my mind. Check out nnn design considerations for more details.
Mentions
Developers
- Copyright © 2014-2016 Lazaros Koromilas
- Copyright © 2014-2016 Dimitris Papastamos
- Copyright © 2016-2018 Arun Prakash Jana