mirror of https://github.com/jarun/nnn.git
424 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
424 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
## nnn
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Noice is Not Noice, a noicer fork...
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/jarun/nnn/releases/latest"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/release/jarun/nnn.svg?maxAge=600" alt="Latest release" /></a>
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<a href="https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/nnn"><img src="https://img.shields.io/aur/version/nnn.svg?maxAge=600" alt="AUR" /></a>
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<a href="http://formulae.brew.sh/formula/nnn"><img src="https://img.shields.io/homebrew/v/nnn.svg?maxAge=600" alt="Homebrew" /></a>
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<a href="https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=nnn&searchon=names&exact=1"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/debian-10+-blue.svg?maxAge=2592000" alt="Debian Buster+" /></a>
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<a href="https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=nnn&searchon=names&exact=1"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/ubuntu-17.10+-blue.svg?maxAge=2592000" alt="Ubuntu Artful+" /></a>
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<a href="https://launchpad.net/~twodopeshaggy/+archive/ubuntu/jarun/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/ubuntu-PPA-blue.svg?maxAge=2592000" alt="Ubuntu PPA" /></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/jarun/nnn/blob/master/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-BSD%202--Clause-yellow.svg?maxAge=2592000" alt="License" /></a>
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<a href="https://travis-ci.org/jarun/nnn"><img src="https://travis-ci.org/jarun/nnn.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status" /></a>
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</p>
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[](https://vimeo.com/233223942 "Click to see nnn in action!")
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<p align="center"><i>nnn in action!</i></a></p>
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`nnn` is probably the [fastest and most resource-sensitive](#performance) (with all its capabilities) file browser you have ever used. It's extremely flexible too - integrates with your DE and favourite GUI utilities, works with the desktop opener, supports bookmarks, has smart navigation shortcuts, [navigate-as-you-type](#navigate-as-you-type-mode) mode, disk usage analyzer mode, comprehensive file details and much more. `nnn` was initially forked from [noice](http://git.2f30.org/noice/) but is significantly [different](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/wiki/nnn-vs.-noice) today.
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Cool things you can do with `nnn`:
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- open any file in the default desktop application or a custom one
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- *navigate-as-you-type* (*search-as-you-type* enabled even on directory switch)
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- check disk usage with number of files in current directory tree
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- run desktop search utility (gnome-search-tool or catfish) in any directory
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- copy absolute file paths to clipboard, spawn a terminal and use the paths
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- navigate instantly using shortcuts like `~`, `-`, `&` or handy bookmarks
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- use `cd .....` at chdir prompt to go to a parent directory
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- detailed file stats, media info, list and extract archives
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- pin a directory you may need to revisit and jump to it anytime
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- lock the current terminal after a specified idle time
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- change directory on exit
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If you want to edit a file in vim with some soothing music in the background while referring to a spec in your GUI PDF viewer, `nnn` got it! [Quickstart](#quickstart) and see how `nnn` simplifies those long desktop sessions...
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Have fun with it! PRs are welcome. Check out [#1](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/issues/1).
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*Love smart and efficient terminal utilities? Explore my repositories. Buy me a cup of coffee if they help you.*
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://saythanks.io/to/jarun"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/say-thanks!-ff69b4.svg" /></a>
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<a href="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=RMLTQ76JSXJ4Q"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-$5-green.svg" alt="Donate via PayPal!" /></a>
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</p>
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### Table of Contents
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- [Features](#features)
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- [Performance](#performance)
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- [Installation](#installation)
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- [Dependencies](#dependencies)
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- [From a package manager](#from-a-package-manager)
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- [Release packages](#release-packages)
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- [From source](#from-source)
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- [Shell completion](#shell-completion)
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- [Usage](#usage)
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- [Cmdline options](#cmdline-options)
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- [Keyboard shortcuts](#keyboard-shortcuts)
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- [Filters](#filters)
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- [Navigate-as-you-type mode](#navigate-as-you-type-mode)
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- [File type abbreviations](#file-type-abbreviations)
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- [File handling](#file-handling)
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- [Help](#help)
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- [Quickstart](#quickstart)
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- [How to](#how-to)
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- [add bookmarks](#add-bookmarks)
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- [use cd .....](#use-cd-)
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- [cd on quit](#cd-on-quit)
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- [copy file paths to clipboard](#copy-file-paths-to-clipboard)
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- [change dir color](#change-dir-color)
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- [file copy, move, delete](#file-copy-move-delete)
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- [boost chdir prompt](#boost-chdir-prompt)
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- [set idle timeout](#set-idle-timeout)
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- [show hot plugged drives](#show-hot-plugged-drives)
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- [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
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- [nnn blocks on opening files](#nnn-blocks-on-opening-files)
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- [Why fork?](#why-fork)
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- [Mentions](#mentions)
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- [Developers](#developers)
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### Features
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- Navigation
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- Familiar shortcuts
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- *Navigate-as-you-type* mode
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- Bookmarks support; pin and visit a directory
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- Open a bookmarked directory on start
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- Jump HOME or to the last visited directory (as usual!)
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- Jump to initial dir, chdir prompt, cd ..... (with . as PWD)
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- Roll-over at edges, page through entries
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- Show directories in custom color (default: enabled in blue)
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- Disk usage analyzer mode
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- Search
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- Filter directory contents with *search-as-you-type*
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- Desktop search (default gnome-search-tool, customizable) integration
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- Mimes
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- Desktop opener integration
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- Open file with a custom application
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- Optionally open text files in EDITOR (fallback vi)
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- Customizable bash script [nlay](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/wiki/all-about-nlay) to handle actions
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- Information
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- Basic and detail view
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- Detailed file information
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- Media information (needs mediainfo or exiftool, if specified)
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- Ordering
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- Numeric order (1, 2, ... 10, 11, ...) for numeric names
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- Sort by file name, modification time, size
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- Convenience
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- Create, rename files and directories
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- Spawn SHELL (fallback sh) in the current directory
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- Invoke file path copier (*easy* shell integration)
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- Change directory at exit (*easy* shell integration)
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- Open any file in EDITOR (fallback vi) or PAGER (fallback less)
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- List and extract archives (needs atool)
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- Open current directory in a custom GUI file browser
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- Monitor directory changes
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- Terminal screensaver (default vlock, customizable) integration
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- Unicode support
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- Highly optimized code, minimal resource usage
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### Performance
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`nnn` vs. ncdu memory usage in disk usage analyzer mode (401385 files on disk):
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```
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PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
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5034 vaio 20 0 70360 58764 2244 S 0.0 0.7 0:00.80 ncdu /
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4949 vaio 20 0 17520 4224 2584 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.54 nnn -S /
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```
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`nnn` vs. midnight commander vs. ranger memory usage while viewing a directory with 13790 files, sorted by size:
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```
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PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
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16255 vaio 20 0 101392 59304 7928 S 0.0 0.7 0:00.68 /usr/bin/python -O /usr/bin/ranger
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15971 vaio 20 0 65732 11784 6848 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.56 mc
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16198 vaio 20 0 18520 4900 2536 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.14 nnn
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```
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Intrigued? Find out [HOW](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/wiki/performance-factors).
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### Installation
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#### Dependencies
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`nnn` needs libreadline, libncursesw (on Linux or ncurses on OS X) and standard libc.
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#### From a package manager
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- [AUR](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/nnn/)
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- [Debian](https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=nnn&searchon=names&exact=1)
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- [FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/misc/nnn)
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- [Homebrew](http://formulae.brew.sh/formula/nnn)
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- [NixOS](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/pkgs/applications/misc/nnn) (`sudo nix-env -i nnn`)
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- [openSUSE](https://software.opensuse.org/package/nnn)
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- [Slackware](http://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/system/nnn/)
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- [Source Mage](http://codex.sourcemage.org/test/shell-term-fm/nnn/) (`cast nnn`)
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- [Ubuntu](https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=nnn&searchon=names&exact=1)
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- [Ubuntu PPA](https://launchpad.net/~twodopeshaggy/+archive/ubuntu/jarun/)
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- [Void Linux](https://github.com/voidlinux/void-packages/tree/master/srcpkgs/nnn) (`sudo xbps-install -S nnn`)
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#### Release packages
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Packages for Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora and Ubuntu are available with the [latest stable release](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/releases/latest).
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#### From source
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To cook yourself, download the [latest stable release](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/releases/latest) or clone this repository (*risky*). Then install the dependencies and compile (e.g. on Ubuntu 16.04):
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$ sudo apt-get install libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev
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$ make
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$ sudo make install
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`PREFIX` is supported, in case you want to install to a different location.
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### Shell completion
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Search keyword and option completion scripts for Bash, Fish and Zsh can be found in respective subdirectories of [`scripts/auto-completion/`](scripts/auto-completion). Please refer to your shell's manual for installation instructions.
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### Usage
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#### Cmdline options
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```
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usage: nnn [-b key] [-c N] [-e] [-i] [-l]
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[-p nlay] [-S] [-v] [-h] [PATH]
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The missing terminal file browser for X.
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positional arguments:
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PATH start dir [default: current dir]
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optional arguments:
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-b key specify bookmark key to open
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-c N specify dir color, disables if N>7
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-e use exiftool instead of mediainfo
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-i start in navigate-as-you-type mode
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-l start in light mode (fewer details)
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-p nlay path to custom nlay
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-S start in disk usage analyzer mode
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-v show program version and exit
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-h show this help and exit
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```
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`>` indicates the currently selected entry in `nnn`.
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#### Keyboard shortcuts
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```
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Key | Function
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- + -
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↑, k, ^P | Previous entry
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↓, j, ^N | Next entry
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PgUp, ^U | Scroll half page up
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PgDn, ^D | Scroll half page down
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Home, g, ^, ^A | First entry
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End, G, $, ^E | Fast entry
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→, ↵, l, ^M | Open file or enter dir
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←, Bksp, h, ^H | Go to parent dir
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^O | Open with...
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Insert | Toggle navigate-as-you-type
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~ | Go HOME
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& | Go to initial dir
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- | Go to last visited dir
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/ | Filter dir contents
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^/ | Open desktop search tool
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. | Toggle hide . files
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^B | Bookmark prompt
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b | Pin current dir
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^V | Go to pinned dir
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c | Change dir prompt
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d | Toggle detail view
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D | File details
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m | Brief media info
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M | Full media info
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n | Create new
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^R | Rename entry
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s | Toggle sort by size
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S, ^J | Toggle du mode
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t | Toggle sort by mtime
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! | Spawn SHELL in dir
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e | Edit entry in EDITOR
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o | Open dir in file manager
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p | Open entry in PAGER
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F | List archive
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^F | Extract archive
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^K | Invoke file path copier
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^Y | Toggle multi-copy mode
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^L | Redraw, clear prompt
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? | Help, settings
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Q | Quit and cd
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q, ^X | Quit
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```
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Help & settings, file details, media info and archive listing are shown in the PAGER. Please use the PAGER-specific keys in these screens.
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#### Filters
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Filters support regexes to instantly (search-as-you-type) list the matching entries in the current directory.
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There are 3 ways to reset a filter:
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- pressing <kbd>^L</kbd> (at the new/rename prompt <kbd>^L</kbd> followed by <kbd>Enter</kbd> discards all changes and exits prompt)
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- a search with no matches
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- an extra backspace at the filter prompt (like vi)
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Common use cases:
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- to list all matches starting with the filter expression, start the expression with a `^` (caret) symbol
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- type `\.mkv` to list all MKV files
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If `nnn` is invoked as root the default filter will also match hidden files.
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#### Navigate-as-you-type mode
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In this mode directories are opened in filter mode, allowing continuous navigation. Works best with the **arrow keys**.
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#### File type abbreviations
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The following abbreviations are used in the detail view:
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| Symbol | File Type |
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| --- | --- |
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| `/` | Directory |
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| `*` | Executable |
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| <code>|</code> | Fifo |
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| `=` | Socket |
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| `@` | Symbolic Link |
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| `b` | Block Device |
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| `c` | Character Device |
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#### File handling
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- `nnn` uses `xdg-open` on Linux and `open(1)` on OS X as the desktop opener.
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- To edit all text files in EDITOR (preferably CLI, fallback vi):
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export NNN_USE_EDITOR=1
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- To enable the desktop file manager key, set `NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER`. E.g.:
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export NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER=thunar
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export NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER=nautilus
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- [mediainfo](https://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo) (or [exiftool](https://sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/), if specified) is required to view media information
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- [atool](http://www.nongnu.org/atool/) is required to list and extract archives
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#### Help
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$ nnn -h
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$ man nnn
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To lookup keyboard shortcuts at runtime, press <kbd>?</kbd>.
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### Quickstart
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Add the following to your shell's rc file for the best experience:
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1. Use a shorter and sweeter alias:
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alias n=nnn
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2. Optionally open all text files in EDITOR (fallback vi):
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export NNN_USE_EDITOR=1
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3. Set a desktop file manager to open directories with (if you ever need to). E.g.:
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export NNN_DE_FILE_MANAGER=thunar
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4. Run `n`.
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5. Set `NNN_NOWAIT`, if nnn [blocks on your desktop environment](#nnn-blocks-on-opening-files) when a file is open.
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### How to
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#### add bookmarks
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Set environment variable `NNN_BMS` as a string of `key:location` pairs (max 10) separated by semicolons (`;`):
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export NNN_BMS='doc:~/Documents;u:/home/user/Cam Uploads;D:~/Downloads/'
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#### use cd .....
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To jump to the n<sup>th</sup> level parent, with PWD at level 0, use `n + 1` dots. For example, to jump to the 6<th> parent of the current directory, use 7 dots. If the number of dots would take you *beyond* `/` (which isn't possible), you'll be placed at `/`.
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#### cd on quit
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Pick the appropriate file for your shell from [`scripts/quitcd`](scripts/quitcd) and add the contents to your shell's rc file. You'll need to spawn a new shell for the change to take effect. You should start `nnn` as `n` (or modify the function name to something else).
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As you might notice, `nnn` uses the environment variable `NNN_TMPFILE` to write the last visited directory path. You can change it.
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#### copy file paths to clipboard
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`nnn` can pipe the absolute path of the current file or multiple files to a copier script. For example, you can use `xsel` on Linux or `pbcopy` on OS X.
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Sample Linux copier script:
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#!/bin/sh
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# comment the next line to convert newlines to spaces
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IFS=
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echo -n $1 | xsel --clipboard --input
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export `NNN_COPIER`:
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export NNN_COPIER="/path/to/copier.sh"
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Use <kbd>^K</kbd> to copy the absolute path (from `/`) of the file under the cursor to clipboard.
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To copy multiple file paths, switch to the multi-copy mode using <kbd>^Y</kbd>. In this mode you can
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- select multiple files one by one by pressing <kbd>^K</kbd> on each entry; or,
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- navigate to another file in the same directory to select a range of files.
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Pressing <kbd>^Y</kbd> again copies the paths to clipboard and exits the multi-copy mode.
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#### change dir color
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The default color for directories is blue. Option `-c` accepts color codes from 0 to 7 to use a different color:
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0-black, 1-red, 2-green, 3-yellow, 4-blue, 5-magenta, 6-cyan, 7-white
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Any other value disables colored directories.
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#### file copy, move, delete
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`nnn` doesn't support file copy, move, delete inherently. However, it simplifies the workflow:
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1. copy the absolute path to a file by invoking the file path copier (<kbd>^K</kbd>)
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2. spawn a shell in the current directory (<kbd>!</kbd>)
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3. while typing the desired command, copy the file path (usually <kbd>^-Shift-V</kbd>)
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#### boost chdir prompt
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`nnn` uses libreadline for the chdir prompt input. So all the fantastic features of readline (e.g. case insensitive tab completion, history, reverse-i-search) is available to you based on your readline [configuration](https://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/php/chet/readline/readline.html#SEC9).
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#### set idle timeout
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The terminal screensaver is disabled by default. To set the wait time in seconds, use environment variable `NNN_IDLE_TIMEOUT`.
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#### show hot plugged drives
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Enable volume management in your DE file manager and set removable drives or media to be auto-mounted when inserted. Then visit the usual mount point location (`/mnt` or `/media/user`) in `nnn`.
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### Troubleshooting
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#### nnn blocks on opening files
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Ideally nnn should not block. Unfortunately, sometimes even the same desktop opener behaves differently on different Linux desktop environments. If `nnn` does block when a file is open, set the environment variable `NNN_NOWAIT` to any non-zero value. For example,
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export NNN_NOWAIT=1
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### Why fork?
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I chose to fork because:
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- one can argue my approach deviates from the goal of the original project - keep the utility `suckless`. In my opinion evolution is the taste of time.
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- I would like to have a bit of control on what features are added in the name of desktop integration. A feature-bloat is the last thing in my mind. Check out [nnn design considerations](https://github.com/jarun/nnn/wiki/nnn-design-considerations) for more details.
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### Mentions
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- [It's FOSS](https://itsfoss.com/nnn-file-browser-linux/)
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- [FOSSMint](https://www.fossmint.com/nnn-linux-terminal-file-browser/)
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### Developers
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1. Copyright © 2014-2016 Lazaros Koromilas
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2. Copyright © 2014-2016 Dimitris Papastamos
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3. Copyright © 2016-2017 [Arun Prakash Jana](https://github.com/jarun)
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